Major Work Activity C - Plans installation
Table of Contents
- Task C-8 Plans installation of standard and high efficiency HVAC/R systems
- Task C-9 Plans installation of control systems
- Task C-10 Plans retrofits
Task C-8 Plans installation of standard and high efficiency HVAC/R systems
Task Descriptor
Refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics plan the installation of standard and high efficiency HVAC/R systems to facilitate the smooth installation of the equipment and to ensure the desired result. Proper planning ensures system longevity and reliability and reduces operating costs. HVAC/R systems include residential, commercial, industrial and institutional applications.
C-8.01 - Performs HVAC/R system design
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-8.01.01P | obtain data required for system design | data in engineering and design-build specifications are obtained |
| C-8.01.02P | calculate system loads for refrigeration systems | load calculations for refrigeration systems are performed and verified |
| C-8.01.03P | calculate system loads for HVAC systems | load calculations for HVAC systems are performed and verified |
| C-8.01.04P | evaluate capacity control requirements | capacity control requirements are evaluated according to budget, equipment protection and engineering specifications |
| C-8.01.05P | evaluate backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements | backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements are evaluated according to thermal and economic balance points, load calculations and design conditions |
| C-8.01.06P | assess utility requirements for new equipment installation | utility requirements for new equipment installation are assessed according to equipment requirements, site conditions and electrical code |
| C-8.01.07P | evaluate equipment choices | equipment choices are evaluated according to factors |
| C-8.01.08P | assess distribution and ventilation requirements | distribution and ventilation requirements are assessed according to site conditions and manufacturers’ specifications |
| C-8.01.09P | assess requirements for energy-efficient equipment | energy-efficient equipment requirements are assessed according to planned design and local regulations |
| C-8.01.10P | consult available energy assessment | energy assessments are consulted to ensure energy efficiency program and capacity requirements are met |
Range of Variables
- refrigeration systems include: coolers, freezers, food/beverage equipment, ice machines, supermarket and warehouse systems, plate freezers, blast coolers and freezers, compound systems, process refrigeration systems, chillers, cooling towers, ice rinks, refrigerated containers, marine refrigeration systems, ultra-low systems, cascade systems, cryogenic systems, adsorption and absorption systems
- load calculations for refrigeration systems include: heat loss, heat gain (HLHG) (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, air changes per hour (ACH), ventilation, indoor and outdoor locations, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, product being refrigerated or frozen, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- HVAC systems include: air conditioning systems, heat pump systems, packaged units, split systems, ductless split systems, VRF, chillers, geothermal systems, CRAC units,field built-up systems, inverter driven systems, humidification systems, dehumidification systems, heat reclaim equipment, HRVs, ERVs, district heating and cooling systems, evaporative coolers, hydronic systems
- load calculations for HVAC systems include: HLHG (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, ACH, ventilation, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- capacity control requirements include: variable speed, variable capacity, staging, modulation, load variances, redundancy
- utility requirements include: panel sizing, grid capacity, building distribution, condensate drainage, fossil fuel supply, water supply, neighbourhood energy unit supply
- factors include: inspection authority’s equipment standards, fuel sources, refrigerant selection, installation location, climate zone, seismic requirements, snow clearance, drainage requirements, size of building, building envelope, manufacturers’ specifications, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) criteria, SEER, SEER2 and HSPF criteria, annual walk-in energy factor (AWEF) criteria
- distribution and ventilation requirements include: static pressure, airflow, velocity, volume, insulation, pump/head pressure, duct size, diffusers, grilles, zoning, equipment access and serviceability
- energy-efficient equipment includes: heat reclaim equipment, economizers, controls, building automation systems (BAS)
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-8.01.01L | demonstrate knowledge of HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components, accessories, characteristics and applications | identify types of HVAC andrefrigeration systems and describe their characteristics and applications |
| identify types of HVAC/R components and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify capacity ratings of HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories | ||
| identify safety classifications of refrigerants | ||
| interpret information pertaining to HVAC and refrigeration systems found on drawings, specifications, graphs and tables | ||
| identify types of electrical components and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify types of energy-efficient equipment and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| define seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), SEER2, heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF) and coefficient of performance (COP) | ||
| describe backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements for HVAC systems | ||
| C-8.01.02L | demonstrate knowledge of heat pump systems, their components, accessories, characteristics and applications | identify types of heat pump systems and describe their components, accessories, characteristics and applications |
| describe heat pump design and configuration for heating and cooling cycle | ||
| identify types of service valves | ||
| describe types of compressors and their components, accessories, characteristics, applications and operation | ||
| describe types of fans and describe their components, accessories, characteristics, applications and operation | ||
| explain minimum and maximum system capacity in variable speed systems | ||
| explain variable system capacity capabilities and their impact on humidity | ||
| explain differences between heat pumps and fossil fuel heating systems | ||
| C-8.01.03L | demonstrate knowledge of HVAC/R system design | describe procedures to perform HVAC/R system design |
| explain air quality, air circulation and ventilation | ||
| identify factors to consider in evaluating equipment choices | ||
| describe distribution and ventilation requirements | ||
| describe design requirements for energy efficient equipment | ||
| C-8.01.04L | demonstrate knowledge of load calculations | describe procedures to perform load calculations for refrigeration systems |
| describe procedures to perform load calculations for HVAC systems | ||
| C-8.01.05L | demonstrate knowledge of capacity control requirements | describe capacity control options and applicationsfor HVAC/R systems |
| identify procedure to select equipment options that meet capacity control requirements | ||
| C-8.01.06L | demonstrate knowledge of sizing heat pumps | describe procedures for sizing heat pumps for different applications (cooling, partial heating, full heating) |
| explain impact of climate zones and outdoor temperature on approach for sizing heat pumps | ||
| C-8.01.07L | demonstrate knowledge of hydronic systems | identify types of hydronic systems and describe their components and accessories |
| C-8.01.08L | demonstrate knowledge of standards and codes pertaining to HVAC/R systems and equipment, their components and accessories | interpret standards and codes pertaining to HVAC/R systemsand equipment, their components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- HVAC systems include: air conditioning systems, heat pump systems, packaged units, split systems, ductless split systems, VRF, chillers, geothermal systems, CRAC units,field built-up systems, inverter driven systems, humidification systems, dehumidification systems, heat reclaim equipment, HRVs, ERVs, district heating and cooling systems, evaporative coolers, hydronic systems
- refrigeration systems include: coolers, freezers, food/beverage equipment, ice machines, supermarket and warehouse systems, plate freezers, blast coolers and freezers, compound systems, process refrigeration systems, chillers, cooling towers, ice rinks, refrigerated containers, marine refrigeration systems, ultra-low systems, cascade systems, cryogenic systems, adsorption and absorption systems
- HVAC/R components include: compressors, condensers, metering devices, evaporators, remote air-cooled condensers, filter driers, sight glasses, valves, regulators, receivers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, vibration eliminators, liquid pumps, temperature sensors, pressure transducers, fans, blowers, air filters, economizers, controllers, oil management devices, insulation, condensate drains, supply diffusers, return grilles, dampers, flow switches
- accessories include: pressure controls, temperature controls, safety controls, time clocks, defrost controls, crankcase heaters, pipe hangers and clamps, solenoid valves, regulating valves, check valves, oil separators, accumulators, stands and supports, condensate pumps, indoor air quality (IAQ) devices
- safety classifications of refrigerants are: toxicity and flammability (e.g., A1, A2L, A3, B2L)
- electrical components include: motors (single-phase, three-phase, electronically commutated motors [ECM]), transformers, contactors, relays, solid state relays, starters, variable speed drives (VSD), variable frequency drives (VFD), silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR), capacitors, resistors, inverter drives, potentiometers, rheostats, disconnects
- energy-efficient equipment includes: heat reclaim equipment, economizers, controls, building automation systems (BAS)
- heat pump systems include:air-to-air, liquid-to-air, liquid-to-liquid, air-to-liquid, geothermal, solar, variable speed, VRF, dual fuel
- types of compressors include: reciprocating, rotary, swing, scroll, screw, centrifugal, magnetic, linear
- characteristics (of compressors) include: single-stage, multi-stage, variable speed, tandem, parallel, compound, open drive, semi-hermetic, hermetic
- types of fans include: constant speed, variable speed, axial (propeller), radial (centrifugal)
- factors include: inspection authority’s equipment standards, fuel sources, refrigerant selection, installation location, climate zone, seismic requirements, snow clearance, drainage requirements, size of building, building envelope, manufacturers’ specifications, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) criteria, SEER, SEER2 and HSPF criteria, annual walk-in energy factor (AWEF) criteria
- distribution and ventilation requirements include: static pressure, airflow, velocity, volume, insulation, pump/head pressure, duct size, diffusers, grilles, zoning, equipment access and serviceability
- load calculations for refrigeration systems include: heat loss, heat gain (HLHG) (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, air changes per hour (ACH), ventilation, indoor and outdoor locations, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, product being refrigerated or frozen, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- load calculations for HVAC systems include: HLHG (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, ACH, ventilation, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- capacity control requirements include: variable speed, variable capacity, staging, modulation, load variances, redundancy
- standards and codes include: ASHRAE Standard 34; Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code (CSA B51); Mechanical Refrigeration Code (CSA B52); Environmental Code of Practice for the Elimination of Fluorocarbon Emissions from Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems; NBC; CEC; Natural Gas and Propane Installation Code (CSA B149)
C-8.02 - Selects HVAC/R equipment, components and accessories
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-8.02.01P | select equipment, HVAC/R components, accessories and electrical components | equipment, HVAC/R components, accessories and electrical components are selected according to factors |
| C-8.02.02P | select energy-efficient equipment and accessories | energy-efficient equipment and accessories are selected according to design specifications, code and operational requirements |
| C-8.02.03P | select backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements for HVAC systems | backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements for HVAC systems are selected according to design specifications, code and operational requirements |
| C-8.02.04P | verify refrigeration component specifications | refrigeration component specifications are verified according to design specifications, code and operational requirements |
| C-8.02.05P | verify HVAC component specifications | HVAC component specifications are verified according to design specifications, code and operational requirements |
Range of Variables
- HVAC/R components include: compressors, condensers, metering devices, evaporators, remote air-cooled condensers, filter driers, sight glasses, valves, regulators, receivers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, vibration eliminators, liquid pumps, temperature sensors, pressure transducers, fans, blowers, air filters, economizers, controllers, oil management devices, insulation, condensate drains, supply diffusers, return grilles, dampers, flow switches
- accessories include: pressure controls, temperature controls, safety controls, time clocks, defrost controls, crankcase heaters, pipe hangers and clamps, solenoid valves, regulating valves, check valves, oil separators, accumulators, stands and supports, condensate pumps, IAQ devices
- electrical components include: motors (single-phase, three-phase, ECM), transformers, contactors, relays, solid state relays, starters, VSDs, VFDs, SCRs, capacitors, resistors, inverter drives, potentiometers, rheostats, disconnects
- factors include: code requirements, manufacturers’ and engineering specifications, system and client requirements, appropriate refrigerant for application, drawings, site conditions, environmental conditions
- energy-efficient equipment includes: heat reclaim equipment, economizers, controls, BAS
- HVAC systems include: air conditioning systems, heat pump systems, packaged units, split systems, ductless split systems, VRF, chillers, geothermal systems, CRAC units,field built-up systems, inverter driven systems, humidification systems, dehumidification systems, heat reclaim equipment, HRVs, ERVs, district heating and cooling systems, evaporative coolers, hydronic systems
- refrigeration component specifications include: pressure drops, oil return, flow rate capacity, corrosion protection
- HVAC component specifications include: blower capacity, pressure drops, size, fluid flow, heating/cooling capacity, sensible heating ratio
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-8.02.01L | demonstrate knowledge of HVAC systems and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories | identify types of HVAC systems and refrigeration systems and describe their characteristics and applications |
| identify types of HVAC/R components and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify types of accessories and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify types of electrical components and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify capacity ratings of HVAC systems and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories | ||
| identify HVAC/R component specifications | ||
| identify refrigeration component specifications | ||
| interpret information pertaining to HVAC systems and refrigeration systems found on drawings, specifications, graphs and tables | ||
| identify types of energy-efficient equipment and their accessories, and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements for HVAC systems | ||
| C-8.02.02L | demonstrate knowledge of heat pump systems, their components, accessories, characteristics and applications | identify types of heat pump systems and describe their components, accessories, characteristics and applications |
| describe heat pump design and configuration for heating and cooling cycle | ||
| identify types of service valves | ||
| describe types of compressors and their components, accessories, characteristics, applications and operation | ||
| explain minimum and maximum system capacity in variable speed systems | ||
| describe types of fans and describe their components, accessories, characteristics, applications and operation | ||
| list and explain differences between heat pumps and fossil fuel heating systems | ||
| C-8.02.03L | demonstrate knowledge of selection of HVAC systems and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories | identify factors to consider when selecting HVAC systems and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories |
| C-8.02.04L | demonstrate knowledge of codes pertaining to HVAC/R systems and equipment, their components and accessories | interpret codes pertaining to HVAC/R systemsand equipment, their components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- HVAC systems include: air conditioning systems, heat pump systems, packaged units, split systems, ductless split systems, VRF, chillers, geothermal systems, CRAC units,field built-up systems, inverter driven systems, humidification systems, dehumidification systems, heat reclaim equipment, HRVs, ERVs, district heating and cooling systems, evaporative coolers, hydronic systems
- refrigeration systems include: coolers, freezers, food/beverage equipment, ice machines, supermarket and warehouse systems, plate freezers, blast coolers and freezers, compound systems, process refrigeration systems, chillers, cooling towers, ice rinks, refrigerated containers, marine refrigeration systems, ultra-low systems, cascade systems, cryogenic systems, adsorption and absorption systems
- HVAC/R components include: compressors, condensers, metering devices, evaporators, remote air-cooled condensers, filter driers, sight glasses, valves, regulators, receivers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, vibration eliminators, liquid pumps, temperature sensors, pressure transducers, fans, blowers, air filters, economizers, controllers, oil management devices, insulation, condensate drains, supply diffusers, return grilles, dampers, flow switches
- accessories include: pressure controls, temperature controls, safety controls, time clocks, defrost controls, crankcase heaters, pipe hangers and clamps, solenoid valves, regulating valves, check valves, oil separators, accumulators, stands and supports, condensate pumps, IAQ devices
- electrical components include: motors (single-phase, three-phase, ECM), transformers, contactors, relays, solid state relays, starters, VSDs, VFDs, SCRs, capacitors, resistors, inverter drives, potentiometers, rheostats, disconnects
- HVAC component specifications include: blower capacity, pressure drops, size, fluid flow, heating/cooling capacity, sensible heating ratio
- refrigeration component specifications include: pressure drops, oil return, flow rate capacity, corrosion protection
- energy-efficient equipment includes: heat reclaim equipment, economizers, controls, BAS
- heat pump systems include:air-to-air, liquid-to-air, liquid-to-liquid, air-to-liquid, geothermal, solar, variable speed, VRF, dual fuel
- types of compressors include: reciprocating, rotary, swing, scroll, screw, centrifugal, magnetic, linear
- characteristics (of compressors) include: single-stage, multi-stage, variable speed, tandem, parallel, compound, open drive, semi-hermetic, hermetic
- types of fans include: constant speed, variable speed, axial (propeller), radial (centrifugal)
- factors include: code requirements, manufacturers’ and engineering specifications, system and client requirements, appropriate refrigerant for application, drawings, site conditions, environmental conditions
C-8.03 - Determines placement of HVAC/R equipment, components and accessories
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-8.03.01P | determine placement of HVAC and refrigeration system | placement of HVAC and refrigeration system is determined according to factors and surrounding environmental issues |
| C-8.03.02P | determine placement of HVAC/R components | placement of HVAC/R components is determined according to factors and jurisdictional regulations |
| C-8.03.03P | determine requirements and limitations for placement of HVAC and refrigeration system, components and accessories | requirements and limitations for placement of HVAC and refrigeration system, components and accessories are determined according to codes, jurisdictional and design specifications, system requirements and environmental conditions |
| C-8.03.04P | take measurements | measurements are taken to ensure that equipment will fit in location |
Range of Variables
- HVAC systems include: air conditioning systems, heat pump systems, packaged units, split systems, ductless split systems, VRF, chillers, geothermal systems, CRAC units,field built-up systems, inverter driven systems, humidification systems, dehumidification systems, heat reclaim equipment, HRVs, ERVs, district heating and cooling systems, evaporative coolers, hydronic systems
- refrigeration systems include: coolers, freezers, food/beverage equipment, ice machines, supermarket and warehouse systems, plate freezers, blast coolers and freezers, compound systems, process refrigeration systems, chillers, cooling towers, ice rinks, refrigerated containers, marine refrigeration systems, ultra-low systems, cascade systems, cryogenic systems, adsorption and absorption systems
- factors include: sizing, manufacturers’ clearances, serviceability, accessibility, scheduling and availability of utilities and services, structure, aesthetics, client
- environmental issues include: noise, exhaust and intake vent locations, environmental conditions
- HVAC/R components include: compressors, condensers, metering devices, evaporators, remote air-cooled condensers, filter driers, sight glasses, valves, regulators, receivers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, vibration eliminators, liquid pumps, temperature sensors, pressure transducers, fans, blowers, air filters, economizers, controllers, oil management devices, insulation, condensate drains, supply diffusers, return grilles, dampers, flow switches
- accessories include: pressure controls, temperature controls, safety controls, time clocks, defrost controls, crankcase heaters, pipe hangers and clamps, solenoid valves, regulating valves, check valves, oil separators, accumulators, stands and supports, condensate pumps, IAQ devices
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-8.03.01L | demonstrate knowledge of HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components, accessories, characteristics and applications | identify types of HVAC and refrigeration systems and their components and accessories, and describe their characteristics and applications |
| C-8.03.02L | demonstrate knowledge of heat pump systems, their components, accessories, characteristics and applications | identify types of heat pump systems and their components and accessories, and describe their characteristics and applications |
| C-8.03.03L | demonstrate knowledge of determining placement of HVAC and refrigeration systems, components and accessories | identify factors and environmental issues to consider for placement of HVAC and refrigeration systems, components and accessories |
| identify requirements and limitations for placement of HVAC and refrigeration systems, components and accessories | ||
| describe procedures to place HVAC and refrigeration systems, components and accessories | ||
| identify methods of zoning and describe their applications | ||
| explain importance of balancing system capacity with system load | ||
| C-8.03.04L | demonstrate knowledge of codes and regulations pertaining to HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories | interpret codes and regulations pertaining to HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- HVAC systems include: air conditioning systems, heat pump systems, packaged units, split systems, ductless split systems, VRF, chillers, geothermal systems, CRAC units,field built-up systems, inverter driven systems, humidification systems, dehumidification systems, heat reclaim equipment, HRVs, ERVs, district heating and cooling systems, evaporative coolers, hydronic systems
- refrigeration systems include: coolers, freezers, food/beverage equipment, ice machines, supermarket and warehouse systems, plate freezers, blast coolers and freezers, compound systems, process refrigeration systems, chillers, cooling towers, ice rinks, refrigerated containers, marine refrigeration systems, ultra-low systems, cascade systems, cryogenic systems, adsorption and absorption systems
- HVAC/R components include: compressors, condensers, metering devices, evaporators, remote air-cooled condensers, filter driers, sight glasses, valves, regulators, receivers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, vibration eliminators, liquid pumps, temperature sensors, pressure transducers, fans, blowers, air filters, economizers, controllers, oil management devices, insulation, condensate drains, supply diffusers, return grilles, dampers, flow switches
- accessories include: pressure controls, temperature controls, safety controls, time clocks, defrost controls, crankcase heaters, pipe hangers and clamps, solenoid valves, regulating valves, check valves, oil separators, accumulators, stands and supports, condensate pumps, IAQ devices
- heat pump systems include:air-to-air, liquid-to-air, liquid-to-liquid, air-to-liquid, geothermal, solar, variable speed, VRF, dual fuel
- factors include: sizing, manufacturers’ clearances, serviceability, accessibility, scheduling and availability of utilities and services, structure, aesthetics, client
- environmental issues include: noise, exhaust and intake vent locations, environmental conditions
- methods of zoning include: dual duct system, terminal reheat (cool) system, variable air volume (VAV) system, variable volume and temperature (VVT) system, heat recovery VRF system, induction reheat system, hydronic system, multiple unitary/heat pump system, multi-zone system
C-8.04 - Performs HVAC/R material take-off
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-8.04.01P | determine quantity of materials required | quantity of materials required is determined according to component interconnections from working drawings and site visits |
| C-8.04.02P | determine piping and tubing size and length needed | piping and tubing size and length needed are determined according to pipe run, refrigerant type, equipment capacity and manufacturers’ specifications |
| C-8.04.03P | determine insulation type and thickness | insulation type and thickness required are determined according to operating temperature and code |
| C-8.04.04P | establish material order list for components | material order list for components is established according to HVAC/R system requirements |
| C-8.04.05P | identify alternative options for materials and equipment | alternative options for materials and equipment are identified based on availability |
Range of Variables
- component interconnections include: piping, ducting routes, electrical, condensate
- components include: hangers, stands, flow controls, piping, venting, ducting, drainage, hardware, associated accessories
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-8.04.01L | demonstrate knowledge of performing HVAC/R material take-off | identify factors to consider when determining materials and pipe required |
| describe imperial and metric systems of measurement | ||
| describe procedures to perform an HVAC/R material take-off list | ||
| identify types of alternative materials that may be considered as options |
Range of Variables
- factors include: location, quantity, length, obstacles, core drilling, underground piping, supply chain issues, code requirements, manufacturers’ and engineering specifications
Task C-9 Plans installation of control systems
Task Descriptor
Planning of control systems ensures proper operation of the equipment. Control systems are used to operate the system effectively and efficiently.
C-9.01 - Performs control system design
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-9.01.01P | determine control system requirements | control system requirements are determined according to clients’ needs, efficiency considerations and equipment specifications |
| C-9.01.02P | determine location considerations | location considerations are determined according to jurisdictional regulations and environmental conditions |
| C-9.01.03P | determine operating ranges required | operating ranges required are determined to ensure safe control of equipment and safety of controlled space/product |
| C-9.01.04P | determine wiring, cabling and connections used for control systems | wiring, cabling and connections used for control systems are determined according to manufacturers’ specifications and design plan |
| C-9.01.05P | verify electrical requirements for control systems | electrical requirements for control systems are verified according to equipment requirements, site conditions and electrical code |
Range of Variables
- control systems include:electrical, mechanical, electronic, app-based, wireless, predictive (artificial intelligence [AI]-capable), pneumatic, centralized, distributed, integrated control circuits
- equipment specifications include: maximum allowable distances between components, number of component devices
- location considerations include: humidity, elevation, fail-safe requirements, temperature, outdoor reset
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-9.01.01L | demonstrate knowledge of control systems and their components | define terminology associated with control systems and their components |
| explain purpose and operation of control systems, devices and components | ||
| identify types of control systems and their components, and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify specifications related to control systems | ||
| C-9.01.02L | demonstrate knowledge of fundamental concepts of electricity | define terminology associated with electrical fundamentals |
| identify units of electrical measurement and symbols | ||
| identify hazards and describe safe work practices pertaining to electricity | ||
| C-9.01.03L | demonstrate knowledge of performing control system design | describe procedures to perform control system design |
| identify component compatibility issues |
Range of Variables
- control systems include:electrical, mechanical, electronic, app-based, wireless, predictive (artificial intelligence [AI]-capable), pneumatic, centralized, distributed, integrated control circuits
C-9.02 - Selects control system components and accessories
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-9.02.01P | determine control system components and accessories | control system components and accessories are determined according to applications, code requirements, and manufacturers’ and engineering specifications |
| C-9.02.02P | determine control system component specifications | control system component specifications are determined according to system design and application |
Range of Variables
- control systems include:electrical, mechanical, electronic, app-based, wireless, predictive (AI-capable), pneumatic, centralized, distributed, integrated control circuits
- applications include: humidity, temperature, pressure, flow, motion, infrared, energy consumption
- specifications include: effective connection distances, number of inputs/outputs able to be controlled, communication compatibility, electromagnetic interference, connection and wireless signal reliability
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-9.02.01L | demonstrate knowledge of control systems and their components and accessories | identify types of control systems and their components and accessories, and describe their characteristics and applications |
| interpret information pertaining to control systems found on drawings and specifications | ||
| identify specifications to consider when selecting control systems and their components and accessories | ||
| explain how to incorporate various control strategies into control systems | ||
| explain purpose and operation of control systems and their components and accessories | ||
| C-9.02.02L | demonstrate knowledge of codes and regulations pertaining to control systems and their components and accessories | interpret codes and regulations pertaining to control systems and their components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- control systems include:electrical, mechanical, electronic, app-based, wireless, predictive (AI-capable), pneumatic, centralized, distributed, integrated control circuits
- specifications include: effective connection distances, number of inputs/outputs able to be controlled, communication compatibility, electromagnetic interference, connection and wireless signal reliability
- control strategies include: two position control, step control, modulating control, floating control, pulse width modulation (PWM), proportional (P), proportional integral (PI), proportional integral derivative (PID), AI, adaptive
C-9.03 - Determines placement of control system components and accessories
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-9.03.01P | assess placement of control systems | placement of control systems is assessed according to serviceability, code requirements and interference from external forces |
| C-9.03.02P | determine connection routing for control system components | connection routing for control system components is determined according to drawings and site visits |
| C-9.03.03P | determine location of mechanical, electrical, electronic and digital control devices | location of mechanical, electrical, electronic and digital control devices is determined according to their intended function and operation |
Range of Variables
- control systems include:electrical, mechanical, electronic, app-based, wireless, predictive (AI-capable), pneumatic, centralized, distributed, integrated control circuits
- interference from external forces include: environment, electrical noise, pests
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-9.03.01L | demonstrate knowledge of determining placement of control systems and their components | identify system control strategies and describe their characteristics and applications |
| interpret information pertaining to placement of control systems found on drawings and specifications | ||
| identify types of mechanical, electrical, electronic and digital control devices, and explain their purpose and operation | ||
| C-9.03.02L | demonstrate knowledge of codes and regulations pertaining to control system components and accessories | interpret codes and regulations pertaining to control system components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- control systems include:electrical, mechanical, electronic, app-based, wireless, predictive (AI-capable), pneumatic, centralized, distributed, integrated control circuits
- control strategies include: two position control, step control, modulating control, floating control, PWM, P, PI, PID, AI, adaptive
C-9.04 - Performs control system material take-off
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-9.04.01P | determine quantity of materials required | quantity of materials required is determined according to manufacturers’ and engineering specifications, control requirements and location |
| C-9.04.02P | identify alternative options for materials | alternative options for materials are identified according to availability, environmental conditions and regulatory requirements |
Range of Variables
- materials include: control devices, wiring, tubing, hangers, fasteners, hardware, cables, connectors
- environmental conditions include: indoor/outdoor use of control components, operating temperature
- regulatory requirements include: electrical, restricted materials, food grade
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-9.04.01L | demonstrate knowledge of performing control system take-off | identify factors to consider when determining materials required |
| describe procedures to perform control system take-off | ||
| identify types of alternative materials that may be considered as options |
Range of Variables
- factors include: location, quantity, length, obstacles, core drilling, saw cutting, underground wiring, supply chain issues
- materials include: control devices, wiring, tubing, hangers, fasteners, hardware, cables, connectors
Task C-10 Plans retrofits
Task Descriptor
Refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics plan the retrofit of HVAC/R systems to facilitate the seamless retrofitting of the equipment and to ensure the desired end result. Proper planning ensures system longevity and reliability and reduces operating costs. HVAC/R systems include residential, commercial, industrial and institutional applications. Retrofits may or may not have engineered drawings or supporting documentation, so it may be the responsibility of the refrigeration and air conditioning mechanic to perform design and analysis and complete the associated documentation.
C-10.01 - Analyzes energy efficiency of current system
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.01.01P | identify what equipment and components are eligible for retrofits | equipment and components’ eligibility for retrofits is identified according to specifications |
| C-10.01.02P | identify efficiency data on existing systems | efficiency data on existing systems is identified |
| C-10.01.03P | evaluate changes to building load | changes to building load are evaluated |
| C-10.01.04P | collect information on system performance history | information on system performance history is collected from occupants, visual inspection, service reports, trend logs and system tests |
| C-10.01.05P | inspect HVAC/R distribution system | HVAC/R distribution system are inspected to determine that compatibility, integrity and capacity are suitable for retrofit requirements |
Range of Variables
- efficiency data includes: nameplate data, model numbers, SEER, SEER2, HSPF, COP, AWEF, cubic feet per minute (CFM), gallons per minute (GPM), maintenance logs, equipment modification records
- changes to building load include: building envelope (windows, doors, insulation), occupancy, ventilation, makeup air, humidity changes, occupant expectations, change in floor plans, new HVAC equipment in the environment, new heat-producing equipment (e.g., computers, lights, kitchen equipment)
- HVAC/R distribution systems include: air distribution and components, hydronics, refrigerant piping, geothermal loops, zoning, VAV terminals, insulation
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.01.01L | demonstrate knowledge of HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories | identify types of HVAC and refrigeration systems and describe their characteristics and applications |
| identify types of HVAC/R components and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify capacity ratings of HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories | ||
| interpret information pertaining to HVAC and refrigeration systems found on drawings, specifications, graphs and tables | ||
| identify types of electrical components and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| identify types of energy-efficient equipment and their accessories, and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| define SEER, SEER2, HSPF and COP | ||
| describe backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements for HVAC systems | ||
| describe HVAC and refrigeration system equipment integration | ||
| C-10.01.02L | demonstrate knowledge of load calculations | describe procedures to perform load calculations for refrigeration systems |
| describe procedures to perform load calculations for HVAC systems | ||
| C-10.01.03L | demonstrate knowledge of capacity control requirements | describe capacity control options and applications for HVAC and refrigeration systems |
| C-10.01.04L | demonstrate knowledge of analyzing energy efficiency of current system | identify tools and equipment used to analyze energy efficiency of current system, and describe their applications and procedures for use |
| identify hazards and describe safe work practices to analyze energy efficiency of current system | ||
| describe procedures to analyze energy efficiency of current system | ||
| describe energy audits, information collected and their benefits | ||
| C-10.01.05L | demonstrate knowledge of codes and regulations pertaining to HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories | interpret codes and regulations pertaining to HVAC and refrigeration systems, their components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- HVAC systems include: air conditioning systems, heat pump systems, packaged units, split systems, ductless split systems, VRF, chillers, geothermal systems, CRAC units,field built-up systems, inverter driven systems, humidification systems, dehumidification systems, heat reclaim equipment, HRVs, ERVs, district heating and cooling systems, evaporative coolers, hydronic systems
- refrigeration systems include: coolers, freezers, food/beverage equipment, ice machines, supermarket and warehouse systems, plate freezers, blast coolers and freezers, compound systems, process refrigeration systems, chillers, cooling towers, ice rinks, refrigerated containers, marine refrigeration systems, ultra-low systems, cascade systems, cryogenic systems, adsorption and absorption systems
- HVAC/R components include: compressors, condensers, metering devices, evaporators, remote air-cooled condensers, filter driers, sight glasses, valves, regulators, receivers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, vibration eliminators, liquid pumps, temperature sensors, pressure transducers, fans, blowers, air filters, economizers, controllers, oil management devices, insulation, condensate drains, supply diffusers, return grilles, dampers, flow switches
- accessories include: pressure controls, temperature controls, safety controls, time clocks, defrost controls, crankcase heaters, pipe hangers and clamps, solenoid valves, regulating valves, check valves, oil separators, accumulators, stands and supports, condensate pumps, IAQ devices
- electrical components include: motors (single-phase, three-phase, ECM), transformers, contactors, relays, solid state relays, starters, VSDs, VFDs, SCRs, capacitors, resistors, inverter drives, potentiometers, rheostats, disconnects
- energy-efficient equipment includes: heat reclaim equipment, economizers, controls, BAS
- load calculations for refrigeration systems include: HLHG (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, ACH, ventilation, indoor and outdoor locations, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, product being refrigerated or frozen, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- load calculations for HVAC systems include: HLHG (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, ACH, ventilation, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- capacity control requirements include: variable speed, variable capacity, staging, modulation, load
- variances, redundancies
- information collected includes: building geometry (takeoffs), building materials (R-values), airtightness (blower door test), type of mechanical ventilation systems, climate conditions, duct loss/gain through unconditioned spaces
C-10.02 - Determines requirements for retrofits
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.02.01P | perform revised load calculations for refrigeration systems | revised load calculations for refrigeration systems are performed according to assessment of current system |
| C-10.02.02P | perform revised load calculations for HVAC systems | revised load calculations for HVAC systems are performed according to assessment of current system |
| C-10.02.03P | assess utility requirements for new equipment installation | utility requirements for new equipment installation are assessed according to equipment requirements, site conditions and electrical code |
| C-10.02.04P | determine placement of system and components | placement of system and components is determined according to factors and surrounding environmental issues |
| C-10.02.05P | identify compatibility issues | compatibility issues between existing system and retrofit equipment are identified |
| C-10.02.06P | advise clients to determine their expectations and explain options and advantages of retrofit systems | clients are advised on equipment capabilities and technologies that are applicable |
Range of Variables
- load calculations for refrigeration systems include: HLHG (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, ACH, ventilation, indoor and outdoor locations, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, product being refrigerated or frozen, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- load calculations for HVAC systems include: HLHG (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, ACH, ventilation, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- utility requirements include: panel sizing, grid capacity, building distribution, condensate drainage, fossil fuel supply, water supply, neighbourhood energy unit supply
- factors (when placing system and components) include: sizing, manufacturers’ clearances, serviceability, accessibility, scheduling and availability of utilities and services, structure, aesthetics, client, seismic, hazardous material abatement
- environmental issues include: noise, exhaust and intake vent locations, environmental conditions
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.02.01L | demonstrate knowledge of determining requirements for retrofits | describe methods to perform load calculations for refrigeration systems |
| describe methods to perform load calculations for HVAC systems | ||
| describe consequences of undersizing an installation | ||
| describe consequences of oversizing an installation | ||
| describe advantages of calculating load for installations accurately | ||
| identify factors to consider when sizing, selecting, and installing retrofit systems and components | ||
| identify safety classifications of refrigerants | ||
| determine compatibility of existing system and retrofit equipment | ||
| C-10.02.01L | demonstrate knowledge of standards and codes pertaining to HVAC/R systems, components and accessories | interpret standards and codes pertaining to HVAC/R systems, components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- load calculations for refrigeration systems include: HLHG (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, ACH, ventilation, indoor and outdoor locations, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, product being refrigerated or frozen, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- load calculations for HVAC systems include: HLHG (e.g., solar load), operating capacity ranges, ACH, ventilation, design conditions (indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity ranges), building envelope, duct heat gain and loss, CO2 levels, equipment loads, lighting loads, exhaust systems, occupancy rates and schedules, building pressurization, evaporation rates, psychrometric properties
- consequences of undersizing an installationinclude: not meeting heating and cooling loads, higher utility costs, poor thermal comfort
- consequences of oversizing an installationinclude: higher capital costs, poor performance – short cycling and reduced overall efficiency, reduced equipment lifespan, thermal stratification (hot and cold spots), poor dehumidification performance, poor acoustic performance, other upgrades may be required (e.g., electrical panel)
- advantages of calculating load for installations accurately include: right sized system that operates as designed, improved thermal comfort and dehumidification, lower utility bills, lower carbon emissions, reduced call backs, increased equipment life
- factors (when sizing, selecting, and installing retrofit systems and components) include: local climate, environmental considerations, energy efficiency, source (well, loop, air), ambient conditions, physical location (total square footage, volume, room distribution, insulation quality)
- safety classifications of refrigerants are: toxicity and flammability (e.g., A1, A2L, A3, B2L)
- utility requirements include: panel sizing, grid capacity, building distribution, condensate drainage, fossil fuel supply, water supply, neighbourhood energy unit supply
- standards and codes include: ASHRAE Standard 34; Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code (CSA B51); Mechanical Refrigeration Code (CSA B52); Environmental Code of Practice for the Elimination of Fluorocarbon Emissions from Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems; NBC; CEC; Natural Gas and Propane Installation Code (CSA B149)
C-10.03 - Analyzes distribution requirements for retrofits
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.03.01P | select and use tools and equipment | tools and equipment are selected and used according to task |
| C-10.03.02P | measure and record distribution capacity in current system | distribution capacity in current system is measured and recorded by performing air flow tests, hydronic flow tests and calculating refrigerant piping capacities |
| C-10.03.03P | analyze options for distribution system to accommodate retrofit equipment | options for distribution system to accommodate retrofit equipment are analyzed |
Range of Variables
- tools and equipment include: pitot tubes and manometers, anemometers, velometers (electrical and mechanical), temperature measuring devices, air balancing hoods, air handler flow meters, digital gauges, airflow grids, electronic devices (apps), airflow charts and tables, duct calculator and design charts
- distribution includes: airflow (static pressure, velocity, volume), insulation, pump/head pressure, duct size, diffusers, grilles, zoning, equipment access and serviceability
- air flow tests include: pressure, velocity, volume
- hydronic flow tests include: pressure, flow rate, velocity
- options include: replacing, adding or removing ductwork; replacing, adding or removing piping; adapting power and fuel source; upgrading, removing or adjusting control systems
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.03.01L | demonstrate knowledge of distribution requirements for retrofits | interpret information pertaining to distribution requirements for equipment found on drawings and specifications |
| describe air flow for HVAC/R systems | ||
| describe hydronic flow for HVAC/R systems | ||
| calculate refrigerant piping capabilities | ||
| C-10.03.02L | demonstrate knowledge of analyzing distribution requirements for retrofits | identify tools and equipment used to analyze distribution requirements, and describe their applications and procedures for use |
| identify hazards and describe safe work practices to analyze distribution requirements | ||
| describe procedures to analyze distribution requirements to ensure adequate distribution | ||
| describe procedures to perform air flow tests | ||
| describe procedures to perform hydronic flow tests | ||
| describe consequences of undersizing or oversizing a distribution system | ||
| C-10.03.03L | demonstrate knowledge of codes and regulations pertaining to HVAC/R systems, components and accessories | interpret codes and regulations pertaining to HVAC/R systems, components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- tools and equipment include: pitot tubes and manometers, anemometers, velometers (electrical and mechanical), temperature measuring devices, air balancing hoods, air handler flow meters, digital gauges, airflow grids, electronic devices (apps), airflow charts and tables, duct calculator and design charts
- air flow tests include: pressure, velocity, volume
- hydronic flow tests include: pressure, flow rate, velocity
- consequences of undersizing or oversizing a distribution system include: noise complaints, underperformance, premature equipment failures, increased service costs and voiding warranty, loss of business reputation, reduced capacity and efficiency, greater reliance on supplemental or backup heating, incorrect airflow, poor humidity control, temperature imbalances/uneven distribution, excessive ∆T (temperature change)
C-10.04 - Performs design and sizing of retrofit equipment and components
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.04.01P | evaluate capacity control requirements | capacity control requirements are evaluated according to load calculations, equipment protection and engineering specifications |
| C-10.04.02P | evaluate backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements | backup, supplemental and auxiliary heating requirements are evaluated according to thermal and economic balance points, load calculations and design conditions |
| C-10.04.03P | assess utility requirements for retrofit equipment installation | utility requirements for retrofit equipment installation are assessed according to equipment requirements, site conditions and code requirements |
| C-10.04.04P | evaluate equipment choices | equipment choices are evaluated according to factors |
| C-10.04.05P | assess requirements for energy-efficient equipment | energy-efficient equipment requirements are assessed according to planned design and local regulations |
| C-10.04.06P | reference available energy assessments | energy assessments are referenced to ensure energy efficiency program requirements are met |
| C-10.04.07P | determine HVAC/R component limitations | HVAC/R component limitations are determined according to design specifications and operational requirements |
Range of Variables
- capacity control requirements include: variable speed, variable capacity, staging, modulation, load variances, redundancy
- utility requirements include: panel sizing, grid capacity, building distribution, condensate drainage, fossil fuel supply, water supply, neighbourhood energy unit supply
- factors include: inspection authority’s equipment standards, fuel sources, refrigerant selection, installation location, climate zone, seismic requirements, snow clearance, drainage requirements, size of building, building envelope, manufacturers’ specifications, LEED criteria, SEER and SEER2 criteria, HSPF criteria, AWEF criteria, distribution sizing
- energy-efficient equipment includes: heat reclaim equipment, economizers, controls, BAS
- HVAC/R component limitations include: blower capacity, pressure drops, size, fluid flow, heating/cooling capacity, sensible heating ratio, outdoor ambient conditions (temperature and humidity), local code compliance
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.04.01L | demonstrate knowledge of performing design and sizing of retrofits | describe procedures to test airflow capacity for selecting retrofit equipment |
| identify possible issues that may arise if testing of air flow capacity is not performed | ||
| describe procedures to calculate energy performance | ||
| describe procedures to calculate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions performance | ||
| describe pipe and duct sizing, P/T relationships and pressure/enthalpy relationships | ||
| identify changes in climatic conditions and extreme temperature ranges that impact equipment design | ||
| identify safety classifications of refrigerants | ||
| C-10.04.02L | demonstrate knowledge of standards and codes pertaining to HVAC/R systems, components and accessories | interpret standards and codes pertaining to HVAC/R systems, components and accessories |
Range of Variables
- possible issues include: noise complaints, underperformance, premature component failures, incorrect airflow, undersizing equipment so that it does not maximize energy and GHG reduction potential
- safety classifications of refrigerants are: toxicity and flammability (e.g., A1, A2L, A3, B2L)
- standards and codes include: ASHRAE Standard 34; Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code (CSA B51); Mechanical Refrigeration Code (CSA B52); Environmental Code of Practice for the Elimination of Fluorocarbon Emissions from Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems; NBC; CEC; Natural Gas and Propane Installation Code (CSA B149)
C-10.05 - Plans retrofit of control systems
| NL | NS | PE | NB | QC | ON | MB | SK | AB | BC | NT | YT | NU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| yes | yes | NV | yes | NV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | NV | NV | NV |
| Reference Code | Performance Criteria | Evidence of Attainment |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.05.01P | determine control system requirements | control system requirements are determined according to clients’ needs, efficiency considerations and equipment specifications |
| C-10.05.02P | determine ability to integrate new control system with existing control system | ability to integrate new control system with existing control system is determined according to factors |
| C-10.05.03P | determine location considerations | location considerations are determined according to jurisdictional regulations and environmental conditions |
| C-10.05.04P | determine operating ranges required | operating ranges required are determined to ensure safe control of equipment and safety of controlled space/product |
| C-10.05.05P | determine wiring, cabling and connections used for control systems | wiring, cabling and connections used for control systems are determined according to manufacturers’ specifications and design plan |
| C-10.05.06P | verify electrical requirements for control systems | electrical requirements for control systems are verified according to equipment requirements, site conditions and electrical code |
| C-10.05.07P | determine which control approach to use with new high efficiency system | control approach for new high efficiency system is determined |
Range of Variables
- control systems include:electrical, mechanical, electronic, integrated control circuits, app-based, wireless, predictive (AI-capable), pneumatic, centralized, distributed
- equipment specifications include: maximum allowable distances between components, number of component devices, design temperature
- factors include: number of conductors required, compatibility of integrating system components, routing of wiring, wireless or hybrid components, communication protocols, code requirements
- location considerations include: humidity, elevation, fail-safe requirements, temperature, outdoor reset, service access
- control approaches include: design criteria, configuration, IAQ (CO2, contaminants), air changes, filtration, modulation of equipment, staging
| Reference Code | Learning Outcomes | Learning Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| C-10.05.01L | demonstrate knowledge of control systems and their components | define terminology associated with control systems and their components |
| identify types of control systems and their components, and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| explain purpose and operation of control systems, devices and components | ||
| C-10.05.02L | demonstrate knowledge of planning retrofit of control systems | describe procedures to plan retrofit of control systems |
| describe procedures to plan control systems for retrofits with dual energy sources | ||
| identify control approaches, and describe their characteristics and applications | ||
| perform calculations required for control system programming | ||
| C-10.05.03L | demonstrate knowledge of codes and regulations pertaining to control systems and their components | interpret codes and regulations pertaining to control systems and their components |
Range of Variables
- control systems include:electrical, mechanical, electronic, integrated control circuits, app-based, wireless, predictive (AI-capable), pneumatic, centralized, distributed
- control approaches include: design criteria, configuration, IAQ (CO2, contaminants), air changes, filtration, modulation of equipment, staging
- calculations include: operating parameters, alarm threshold, air changes, energy performance